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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged or cracked window is a nuisance. It could be a chance to upgrade to energy-efficient windows glass replacement or insulated ones to enjoy benefits such as improved comfort, higher resale value and lower utility costs.

You can do it yourself for a less than what it would cost to employ an expert. You'll need only the right tools and a few hours of your time.

Glass

If your single-pane windows are old damaged, cracked or deteriorating, replacing them with newer insulated or tempered glass can improve energy efficiency and reduce noise while preserving the historic integrity of older homes. The procedure of replacing a window pane is relatively easy and can be accomplished by anyone with basic hand tools. You'll also require an extra window pane, glazier's suggestions, pliers, and latex glazing putty. If needed you may use a heating gun to warm the old putty. Wear safety goggles and gloves before you begin. Working with broken glass could result in serious injuries.

Take away any broken glass pieces remaining. This can be done with pliers, though using a flathead screwdriver may be used in the pinch. After that, use a wood chisel, or putty knife, to remove the remaining old putty around the frame and sash. Be careful and slow making sure not to break the current window sash. This should be done on an elevated ladder, not on the ground. Also, ensure that someone lower to keep it in place.

Once you have removed all the old putty, you can prepare the window frame for the new pane. To allow for seasonal expansion or contraction by subtracting 1/8 inch from the measurements of the width and height. Bring these measurements to an hardware store or home center, and find a piece glass cut to size. You can also cut the glass yourself if have the right tools.

After putting in the new glass After installing the glass, apply a small amount of caulking on the edges. This will make the glass weatherproof. Then, place a glazier's tip on each side of the frame to secure the pane in the right place. The points should not be so tight that they create friction between the frame and sash, but they also shouldn't be loose.

Before applying the putty knead it thoroughly until it is soft and free of lumps. Make it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip to the frame's corner. Work from one corner to the next to ensure it's even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are tiny triangular metal pieces that help secure the glass to the frame without damaging the delicate surface. It's easy to learn how to use this secret tool, and you'll be able to save money on the expense of an installation by a professional.

After removing the old putty, glazier points as well as any remaining remnants clean the frame thoroughly with an utility knife. Lightly sand the wood into the rabbet grooves to smooth out rough areas. If you do sand the wood, make sure to protect it by using painter's tape to prevent accidental damage.

Write down the dimensions of the frame. Take these measurements to an hardware store or home center, and have the new pane cut smaller than the frame's opening. This will ensure that the pane fits comfortably and allows for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane in the frame and press it down using your hands. Then use the point of your chisel or back end of the putty knife to tap in the glazier's points as shown in Figure 11. When you're done, they should be in line with the top edge of the pane. the shoulders that are raised of the points should be below the lip of the rabbet groove.

Apply a thin layer glazing compound on the rabbet grooves and the edges of the glass. This will protect and seal the edges. Allow it to dry and cure completely.

Install the new window sash after the glazing compound has dried. First, saturate the wood with a heavy coat of Linseed oil. This will stop the new putty drying out or cracking due to the moisture it absorbs. Apply this coat with a brush or the tip of your knife, then employ the chisel or back end from the putty knife to gently hammer in the new sash and glazier's tips into the rabbet grooves. Repeat this process in intervals of 10 inches all around the frame.

Putty

A hurled baseball or a rock that is errant or a fallen branch can cause a replacement window to crack or break. Most windows can be replaced easily by putting in a new piece. The glass is held in place using a small metal clip called a glazier's point and putty, which is often called glazing compound. Before installing a new pane, first remove the old one and clean the area with an abrasive and the pull-type paint scraper or a wood chisel. Wear protective glasses and gloves while you do this work. If the window is attached to the frame, you'll need to employ a heat gun in order to soften the adhesive before prying it free.

If you plan to reinstall the original sash in the future, take care to remove any pieces of molding that secure the old pane. Sand the sash until it is flat and ready to receive new caulk. Once the sash is installed then, you can apply a silicone caulk over the replacement glass for a window. This will ensure that it won't be leaking or fade over time.

Remove the glazing points from the rabbets. These are the grooves on the sash, which is where the glass is located. If they're hard to chisel out, try placing a hand tool like a heat gun over them to soften them first. When using a heat tool, be careful to avoid damaging the sash and its railings.

Create a bed for your new pane after removing the old glaze points and putty. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your fingers and then make it about 1/2 inch thick. Place it into the rabbets where the glass will be placed. The glass must rest against the putty on both sides. If needed, lightly tap your glass into the rabbet using your thumb.

If the new pane has a crack, you can cover it with a solvent-based glass glue or silicone caulk prior to pressing it into the sash. If the crack is not sealed, you will require putty to keep the water out. After the putty has dried and the film is oily, wipe it off the glass with a rag and allow it to completely dry before painting. If you paint before the putty has completely dry, it won't form a solid seal and could be leaking or discoloring over time.

Paint

You might be worried about replacing a broken piece of glass. The truth is, replacing a single pane glass doesn't have to be expensive when you do it on your own. In fact windows with double panes can be replaced at less than the cost of an expert.

If you're working with a large glass window, first make sure it is securely attached to the frame. This can be made relatively simple and quick with the proper tools and techniques.

When you are ready to begin, remove the old window pane. Remove the metal glazing points attached to it. These are tiny metal triangles that act as "nails", holding the window within the frame. They are buried beneath a bead or glazing glue that hardens to a solid wedge that holds the frame in place and hides the points.

After removing the old pane, clean the frame and wood. Scrape off any paint and sand down the rabbet grooves where the glazing points used to be. Sand them to bare wood surfaces, so that you can paint the frames the same color. After sanding the wood then apply a layer of flax oil. This will help prolong the life of the frame.

The next step is to determine the width of the window opening. You'll need to determine the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the entire opening as well as the thickness. To get the exact size of the new pane subtract 1/8 inch from both measurements. This will allow for seasonal changes in the glass. You can take these measurements to a hardware or home improvement shop and have the glass cut replacement handles for windows you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window panel replacement pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.